Até 2025, a estimativa é que apareçam 71.730 novos casos de câncer de próstata por ano no Brasil – MARANHÃO Hoje

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São Paulo é o estado com a maior probabilidade

O número de pessoas com câncer de próstata no Brasil ainda preocupa. A estimativa é que até 2025, apareçam 71.730 novos casos por ano. A doença é a segunda causa de morte por câncer no público masculino, atrás apenas dos tumores de pele não melanoma. Os dados são do Instituto Nacional de Câncer (INCA). A médica oncologista clínica e membro do Comitê de Tumores Geniturinários da Sociedade Brasileira de Oncologia Clínica (SBOC), Mariane Sousa Fontes Dias, diz que é importante que as pessoas estejam informadas sobre os riscos e sobre a possibilidade de ter um tratamento adequado. 

“Quando diagnosticado de uma maneira precoce, ele está diretamente relacionado com altas taxas de cura. Então essa estratégia de rastreamento e prevenção de uma maneira mais eficaz vai acabar salvando vidas”, revela.

O médico urologista, especialista em Urologia Oncológica do Centro de Oncologia do Paraná – Curitiba (COP), Antônio Brunetto Neto, reforça que o diagnóstico precoce possibilita melhores resultados no tratamento. “Quanto mais precoce a sua detecção, quanto mais inicial o estadio do tumor, maior a chance de cura e menor o número de terapias que a gente vai precisar associar”. 

Ele ainda acrescenta. “Um câncer de próstata em um estágio inicial, a gente consegue curar só com cirurgia. Um câncer de próstata em um estágio mais avançado, às vezes é necessário cirurgia, quimioterapia e muitas vezes também radioterapia associada”, relata.

Maior número de casos – O levantamento do INCA aponta que o estado de São Paulo é o que mais preocupa. A estimativa é de 16.830 novos casos de câncer de próstata, dos quais 5.630 estão previstos apenas na capital. No Rio de Janeiro, o número é de 7.930 novos casos, sendo 3.350 na capital. Minas Gerais aparece logo atrás com a estimativa de 7.970 novos casos, sendo 770 na capital Belo Horizonte. Outros estados, como Bahia, Ceará, Rio Grande do Sul e Paraná, também apresentam estimativas significativas, refletindo a relevância da doença no cenário nacional.

Segundo a médica oncologista, Mariane Sousa Fontes Dias, para reduzir o número de casos, o homem precisa ter acompanhamento e avaliação médica criteriosa. “O homem deveria ter um acompanhamento médico de forma mais rotineira. Muitas vezes na adolescência, o adulto ou jovem acaba não tendo esse cuidado, acaba sem uma referência de um médico e muitas vezes ele só vai procurar um especialista quando chega aos 50 anos ou até mais para frente”, aponta.

Para o médico urologista, Antônio Brunetto Neto, o fato mais importante sobre o câncer de próstata é que os sintomas demoram muito para aparecer. Por isso fazer acompanhamento médico e exames de rotina são fundamentais. “Quando você tem sintomas do câncer de próstata, geralmente é um câncer que se encontra em um estadio mais avançado. O ideal é fazer o diagnóstico do câncer de próstata quando ainda não se tem nenhum sintoma”, explica.

Prevenção e cuidados – Segundo Mariane Sousa Fontes Dias, médica oncologista clínica e membro do Comitê de Tumores Geniturinários da Sociedade Brasileira de Oncologia Clínica (SBOC), existem medidas preventivas para reduzir o risco do câncer de próstata.

“Quando a gente fala de prevenção, a gente está falando de medidas que a gente possa instituir na nossa vida para tentar reduzir a chance do câncer aparecer. Isso envolve manter uma dieta saudável, balanceada, evitar o tabagismo, ter um peso adequado, medidas para evitar a obesidade, como uma dieta saudável e exercício físico”, pontua.

Mas a especialista lembra que também existem outros fatores de risco. “Existe um caráter genético, herança genética, hereditariedade relacionada ao câncer. Isso de fato acontece, a gente tem que estar atento a nossa história familiar, a gente tem que buscar auxílio médico para fazer essa investigação, mas é importante enfatizar que o câncer de próstata hereditário de fato acontece numa minoria de pacientes”, salienta.

Na opinião de Mariane Sousa, a prevenção ainda é a melhor forma de evitar ou, pelo menos, reduzir as chances de um tratamento mais severo. “Hoje a Sociedade Brasileira de Urologia, ela preconiza o rastreamento para a população a partir dos 50 anos. Também tem populações de risco, pacientes com história familiar, pacientes afrodescendentes, que pode iniciar esse rastreamento em torno dos 45 anos”, destaca.

Esse é o caso do jornalista Artur Filho. Ele conta que muitos homens da sua família têm histórico de hipoplasia benigna, uma condição que faz a próstata crescer. Por conta disso, faz acompanamento desde cedo preocupado com o aparecimento de um câncer de próstata.

“Há muitos anos eu tenho procurado urologistas para fazer os exames, sempre fazendo o exame de imagem, do sangue, do PSA e também aquele de toque. Então é muito importante que todos façam. Esse cuidado é muito importante para o homem ter vida. E a pessoa não tem que ter vergonha nem nada. O importante é viver bem e de maneira saudável. Então por isso a periodicidade de fazer o exame anual é muitíssimo importante para todos nós homens”, observa.

Novembro Azul – O mês de novembro é dedicado à conscientização e prevenção do câncer de próstata. Segundo o Ministério da Saúde, o Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) oferece informação e atendimento com equipes multiprofissionais aptas a realizarem diagnóstico e acompanhamento. Além de exames clínicos, laboratoriais, endoscópicos e radiológicos, procedimentos cirúrgicos e tratamento em hospitais habilitados em oncologia. 

Conforme dados do INCA, quanto à mortalidade, a Região Sudeste aparece com o maior número de casos no Brasil, em 2021, sendo os estados São Paulo (3.428), Minas Gerais (1.673) e Rio de Janeiro (1.448) com o maior número. Em seguida, vem a Região Nordeste com Bahia (1.407), Pernambuco (762) e Ceará (717) liderando em casos. A Região Sul aparece em terceiro lugar, destacando-se Rio Grande do Sul (1.291), Paraná (1.042) e Santa Catarina (534). Já a Região Norte apresenta Pará (395), Amazonas (194) e Tocantins (132) como os estados com mais casos. Por fim, a Região Centro-Oeste têm Goiás (516), Mato Grosso (252) e Mato Grosso do Sul (225) como os mais afetados.

(Fonte: Brasil 61)

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